The Nikon D80 single-lens reflex digital camera is the least expensive
current Nikon digital camera that provides autofocus with older Nikkor
AF and AF-D lenses. The Nikon D80 offers a similar image-processing
engine and the same 10-megapixel resolution as the D200 at approximately two-thirds
of the cost and two-thirds of the weight (1.3 lbs versus 1.8).
Hannah Thiem
The Nikon D80 is compact and solidly built around a metal chassis and
lens mount. It has a comfortable, ergonomic design with rubber around
the hand grip and at the rear of the camera for the thumb. The D80 is
Nikon's cheapest digital body with two control wheels, useful for
metered manual exposure control or exposure compensation in automatic
exposure modes.
If you are new to digital photography, start with the photo.net guide
"Building
a Digital SLR System".
Operating Speed
The Nikon D80 is ready to take pictures 180 milliseconds after being
switched on. It takes a little over a second for the just-captured
image to be displayed on the LCD monitor after pressing the shutter
release. Overall, the D80's reaction time is fast, as you'd expect
from a mid-2006 camera, but not as fast as newer digital cameras.
At three frames per second, the Nikon D80's continuous drive mode is
great for capturing changing human expressions, but only fair for
capturing peak sports action. The in-camera buffer memory fills up
after 110 JPEGs or 6 camera RAW files have been stored.
The 11-zone autofocus system is fast, even in low light, particularly
when using AF-S (silent wave motor) lenses.
Hannah Thiem
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Nikon 70-200mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR, 200mm (effective
300mm), f/4.5, shutter-priority mode at 1/640th, ISO 100. Bright,
sunny Sunday, lots of athletic activity on the Mass Ave bridge in
Boston, camera set to continuous drive. This image was the strongest:
after a second of continuous capturing, the rollerblader noticed a
large lens pointed at him and accommodated by removing his hat. A
higher shutter speed would have resulted in a sharper image: his face
has a touch of motion blur.
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Controls
Nikon's D80 has the standard four exposure modes: Metered Manual,
Aperture-priority, Shutter-priority, and Program autoexposure. In
metered-manual mode, two control wheels facilitate simultaneous
adjustment of aperture and shutter speed.
In addition to the creative exposure modes, the D80's mode dial offers
seven Digital Vari-Program ("idiot") modes: completely automatic
(green), portrait, landscape, close-up, sports, night landscape and
night portrait. Each mode corresponds to one permutation of camera
settings that will supposedly be reasonable for that type of subject.
The camera has three metering modes: 3D color matrix, center-weighted,
and spot metering. The 3D matrix meter tries to be smart about such
things as a big swath of bright blue at the top of the frame: "must be
a blue sky; exposure should be determined by looking at the darker
objects underneath". The center-weighted setting uses a much simpler
exposure algorithm, determining exposure mostly by looking at objects
toward the center of the frame. If you are capturing RAW files, the
difference between matrix and center-weighted would only be
significant in extreme situations, such as when the setting sun is in
the frame. The spot meter is useful for backlit portraits and other
situations where the subject is not in the same light as the
background.
Next to the LCD monitor are buttons for changing White Balance, ISO,
and Image Quality/Size.
Nikon must think that a lot of their customers are in the habit of
filling up the memory card with extremely poor photographs. They've
included a shortcut for reformatting the SD card: press and hold the
erase button on the back of the camera to the left of the viewfinder
while simultaneously pressing the metering button on the top of the
camera to the right of the LCD screen. Release and repeat to format
the SD card. This saves a trip into the menu system.
Hannah Thiem
LCD Monitor
The 2.5" 230,000 pixel LCD monitor is large, bright and clear for
reviewing images. The screen doesn't have an anti-reflective coating
and proved difficult to view in sunny conditions.
Viewfinder
The optical viewfinder shows about 95 percent of the image the sensor
will capture. An LCD display at the bottom of the viewfinder, just
underneath the image, shows focus indicator (green dot that appears
when the image is in focus), shutter speed, aperture, flash and
exposure compensation indicators, flash-ready indicator, exposure
scale, battery and auto ISO indicators, and number of exposures
remaining.
The viewfinder offers a diopter adjustment range from -2 to +1, enough
that people with moderately poor vision are likely to be able to use
the camera without eyeglasses or contacts.
In-Camera Editing
The D80 has built-in editing functions, including cropping, image
resizing, color balancing with color histograms, color filter effects,
red-eye reduction, and D-lighting for shadow and highlight
enhancement. Other creative features include image overlay and
monochrome effects in black-and-white, sepia and cyanotype (blue and
white monochrome).
Flash
This camera has a built-in pop-up flash (guide number 42'/13m at ISO
100), which can be useful for fill light on sunny days. Use it as a
primary light only in an emergency; the direct-from-the-camera light
will flatten subjects' features. There is no reason to expect to take
a better photo than you would with a point and shoot camera if you
light the subject with the same blast of on-camera flash that you
would use with a point and shoot camera. The pop-up flash isn't tall
enough to see over the hoods or even the fronts of Nikon's
professional lenses, resulting in shadows in the bottom of the frame.
The camera body can wirelessly control any of the Nikon i-TTL flashes.
Flash exposure is adjustable from the camera, from -3 to +1 EV (start
with -1 EV when using flash as a fill light). Maximum sync speed is
1/200th of a second with any flash.
Available Light
I used the D80 with the Nikon 70-200mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR, $1799, and a monopod
to photograph a flamenco performance by Juanito Pascual and Elena
Andujar at Jordan Hall, New England Conservatory in Boston,
Massachusetts. Flash photography was not allowed.
Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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These images were captured from the upper balcony in Jordan Hall at
ISO 1600. The D80 can be set to ISO 3200, but noise becomes
unacceptable. Use of a monopod helped minimize camera shake, as well
as resting the long, heavy lens on the balcony railing. The camera was
set to manual exposure mode, aperture between f2.8-4.5 and shutter
speed no slower than 1/80 to capture the musicians and dancer in
motion.
Unsure of the best white balance, I captured in RAW, which fills the
SD card faster, but allows for significant adjustments to exposure,
color and white balance on a personal computer. The 3 fps continuous
drive mode was helpful during Elena's flamenco dance performance,
though an even faster capture rate would have been nice.
I tested Nikon 28-70mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF-S, $1522 and the D80 at the 2007 Tango
Festival in Providence, Rhode Island. It was a fun challenge to work
with the available light and see the interesting colors that resulted.
Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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These images were captured at ISO 1600 using aperture priority at
f2.8. Given the difficult lighting, I worked individually
with some of the dancers, requesting them to hold a position to reduce
motion blur in the resulting photographs.
Memory Card
The D80 has a single Secure Digital (SD) card slot and is
SDHC-compatible, allowing the use of 4 GB and larger memory cards. We
tested the camera with a Sandisk
4GB SD card, which held about 360 RAW images.
Hannah Thiem
Batteries
The D80 comes with a rechargeable EN-EL3 Lithium-ion battery. This is
adequate for taking a few hundred photographs, budgeting a reasonable
amount of review time and usage of the in-camera flash. For any
serious project, carry a fully charged backup battery.
The optional Nikon MB-D80 vertical
grip supplies the camera with power either from two
EN-EL3e batteries or 6 AA cells. The grip replicates one of the
control wheels and the shutter release, very convenient for vertical
format photography, especially with longer and heavier lenses.
Note that the D80 is incompatible with the earlier and
EN-EL3a versions, although they look similar to the EN-EL3e.
Hannah Thiem
Compatibility with Older Nikon Lenses
The D80 is compatible with all Nikon/Nikkor F lenses starting with the
AI (auto indexing) versions introduced in 1977. Older lenses that
have been "AIed" by independent repair shops will also work. Unlike
the cheaper D40 bodies, the D80 supports autofocus in Nikon AF lenses
that lack internal autofocus motors.
To see some photographs made with an ancient Nikon and 50/1.4 lens,
look at "What about
an old 35mm SLR?"
D80 or D40/D40x?
Nikon has come up with various designs for doing autofocus.
Throughout the 1990s, autofocus involved a slot in the back of each AF
lens and a screwdriver blade coming out of the lens mount. In the
21st Century, Nikon decided to put small autofocus motors in most of
their new lenses, with a purely electrical connection between camera
body and lens. For backward compatibility, bodies such as the D80
have the screwdriver blade in addition to the electrical autofocus
connectors. The D40/D40x bodies do not have the screwdriver blade and
hence do not work with many Nikon AF lenses, even ones that are still
in production but whose designs have not been revised. If you have or
think that you might want some of the older design lenses, the D80 is
a better camera.
In the "creative" exposure modes, the D80's second control wheel
provides a big boost to operating speed. The D80's superior autofocus
system makes it a better body for sports and action.
The D40 is a better body if ultimate compactness and light weight are
important. You can throw the D40 into a bag when you think that you
might want to take pictures, not just grab it from the shelf when you
have a big photographic idea.
D80 or D300?
If you don't mind the extra cost and weight, the
Nikon D300, $1670 (review) is a very nice camera. The D300 should
be substantially better in the following situations:
- sports photography; 51-zone autofocus system and 6-8 fps
continuous capture rate
- rainy/dusty environment photography; the D300 has better weather
sealing
- low light photography; the D300 has 14-bit RAW files instead of
12-bit
- precise cropping; the D300 has a viewfinder showing 100 percent of
the image to be captured
What if you do find the price difference between the D80 and D300
significant? Get the D80 and spend the extra money on high quality
lenses.
D80 or Canon Digital Rebel?
Which is better, the Nikon D80 or the latest Canon Digital Rebel? If
you have a big collection of Nikon lenses, that isn't a very
interesting question. If you have a big collection of Canon lenses,
the question does not get any more interesting. If you are serious
about photography, you will be accumulating a large system of products
from one brand or another. If you haven't yet figured out what to
buy, the best place to start is "Building
a Digital SLR System".
The Kit Lenses
The Nikon kit lenses cost almost nothing, include in-lens silent wave
autofocus motors, and measure out with surprisingly high optical
quality. Where's the compromise? Maximum aperture and therefore
light-gathering capability. The viewfinder image will be
significantly darker than with a professional zoom lens or prime
(non-zoom) lens. Unless you are using the camera on a tripod and the
subject is not moving, you'll be forced to use high ISO settings, with
attendant low image quality, in low light situations. Here are the
standard choices in D80 kit bundles:
Conclusion
The Nikon D80 has the best price/performance of any digital SLR in the
Nikon line. This is the cheapest Nikon body with two control wheels.
This is the cheapest Nikon body compatible with older autofocus
lenses.
Where to Buy
Hannah Thiem
Amazon.com offers the following buying options:
Don't forget some memory: Sandisk
4GB SD
card; Sandisk 8GB
SD
card.
More
Choosing a Lens
Nikon makes a complete lines of lenses for 35mm film and full-frame
digital cameras. Unfortunately, the Nikon D80 has a DX sensor,
"APS-C" sized, that results in a 1.5x focal length multiplier. A high
quality prime 20mm wide angle lens gives a boring 30mm point and shoot
perspective. Much of the light captured and sent to the back of the
camera by the lens falls outside the boundaries of the digital sensor
and plays no part in image formation; you end up carrying a lot more
heavy glass than necessary unless you're using one of the comparative
handful of lenses designed specially for the DX format.
The following are our suggestions for a variety of applications:
- Normal lens: Sigma 30mm f/1.4 EX DC for Nikon, $395, the only normal
lens
currently on the market made for crop sensors, essential for
day-to-day and low light photography.
- Wide-angle zoom: Nikon 12-24mm f/4G ED IF Autofocus DX, $904 (review), (effective
18-36mm on a small frame sensor), lacks the f/2.8 light-gathering
capability of the full frame wide-angle zooms, but optimized for the
DX format.
- Wide-to-Telephoto zoom: Nikon 17-55mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S DX, $1190, (effective
25.5-82.5mm), a good lens for travel or wedding photography.
- Portrait: Nikon 50mm f/1.8D AF Nikkor, $116, a cheap normal lens
from the full days becomes an incredible bargain, with a 75mm
effective magnification.
- Telephoto Zoom: Nikon 70-200mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR, $1799, (effective
105-300mm), good for sports and fashion.
- More choices: the photo.net guide to
the Nikon Digital
SLR System
To learn more about depth of field and crop-sensor cameras, read Depth
of Field and the Digital Domain.
Hannah Thiem
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Nikon 28-70mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF-S, 60mm (effective 90mm),
f/4.0, 1/250th, ISO 100. 90-100mm is a good lens length for
portraits. No one wants their nose to appear large in their
close-up. Also, the beautiful sunny weather in this coastal town lends
itself well to happy portraits.
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Specifications
Hannah Thiem
- 10 megapixel output (same as the D40x, D200)
- 23.6 x 15.8mm CCD sensor "DX format",
1.5x multiplier (same as the D40x: has a 2-channel read-out and can
achieve 3 frames/sec, the D200 uses a 4-channel read-out version that
provides 5 frames/sec)
- 1/200th of a second flash sync speed (D200 is slightly faster at
1/250th of a second)
- 11-zone autofocus system (same as D200, the D40x uses a three-zone
AF module)
- ISO sensitivity range 100-1600 plus ISO 2000, 2500 or 3200
with boost (same as the D40x, D200)
- 3 fps continuous capture rate (D200 has 5 fps)
- depth of field preview (the D40/D40x is missing this feature)
- 2.5" LCD monitor, 230,000 pixels (same
as the D40x, D200)
- built-in flash (same as the D40x,
D200)
- compact, light body: 1.3 lb or 585 g without battery
(D40x is 1 lb or 455 g without battery; D200 is
1.8 lb or 830 g)
- uses the rechargeable
EN-EL3e battery (same as the D200 and D300)
- optional vertical
grip: MB-D80 (no vertical grip for the D40x, D200 has the MB-D200
vertical grip available)
Gallery
We would love to display your image here! If you have a good photo
taken with the Nikon D80, and you've uploaded it into the photo.net
gallery system, please email the URL of the photo to
hannahthiem@photo.net
(e.g.
http://www.photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=5977151).
With the Nikon 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX, $299:
Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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With the Nikon 28-70mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF-S, $1522:
Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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With the Nikon 70-200mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR, $1799:
Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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Hannah Thiem
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With the Nikon 80-200mm f/2.8D ED AF Zoom Nikkor, $970 (review):
Leroy Laverman
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Leroy Laverman
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With the Nikon 85mm f/1.4 Nikkor AI-S Manual Focus, $1350:
Albert Darmali
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Albert Darmali
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With the Tamron SP 90mm f/2.8 DI 1:1 Macro Lens for Nikon, $500:
Albert Darmali
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Text and pictures, except as otherwise indicated, © 2007 Hannah Thiem.
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