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Pinhole photographers- what paper to use?

chuck mercier , Nov 08, 2004; 02:55 p.m.

Hi, Was hoping to get some advice on paper choices for use in a pinhole camera. Ive been doing alot of research but cannot seem to find anything concrete to go bye. My quetion(s) is: What is a good paper to start with for pinhole images? fiber based, resin coated, variable contrast, graded??? I plan on making contacts from the paper negative and here are my dillemas. Ive read that glossy resincoated paper tends to reflect light inside the camera more than a matte fiber based paper, but, one cannot make a contact print from fiber based paper....is this true? Any help on this subject will be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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erik gould , Nov 08, 2004; 05:15 p.m.

Response to ATTN: Pinhole photographers- what paper to use?

Chuck, I've used a bunch of papers in my cameras with my students, a matte or semi-matte finish does seem to work best, glossy may cause some problems, although it depends on the camera (small wide angle vs. "tele") You can make contact prints through fiber paper (single weight would be best) but I would go with RC for the speed and flatness. I've used Ilford RC with good sucess. Just don't get a paper with any printing on the back (like Agfa and Kodak used to make, because that will print too!)

chuck mercier , Nov 08, 2004; 07:16 p.m.

Response to ATTN: Pinhole photographers- what paper to use?

Thanks for the help, Erik. Much appreciated.

Glenn Thoreson , Nov 08, 2004; 11:13 p.m.

Response to ATTN: Pinhole photographers- what paper to use?

Ilford MG IV Pearl finish is good. For pinhole use, rate it at around ISO 6.

Joe VanCleave , Nov 09, 2004; 11:38 a.m.

Chuck;

I've done lots of pinhole, on lots of different papers (but certainly not all of them). Here's my thoughts on achieving the best sharpness and tonal range with pinhole:

1)Optimal pinhole size for your focal length. This is especially important if you're trying to get scenic/landscape shots to look reasonably sharp. And if your primary subject matter is much closer than infinity - like still life subjects - make the pinhole smaller than what you'd use for objects near infinity (because the geometry of linear projection works against you at close focus distances).

2)For flat film-plane cameras (i.e., not oatmeal boxes with curved film planes), use GLOSSY paper. Glossy will give you much sharper contact prints. If the inside of the camera is darkened with flat black paint, glossy paper won't be a problem with flat-filmplane cameras.

The problem with curved filmplane cameras is you have to use matte finish paper, otherwise you get a band of over-exposure along the middle of the film's curve, due to reflection. You loose a lot of detail when trying to contact print from a matte-finish negative, which is one reason I rarely dabble in curved-filmplane cameras.

3)Contrast control in harsh lighting is difficult with paper negatives. I like to shoot scenics in the American Southwest, but the shadows are very harsh and unforgiving.

My best results to date: grade 2 glossy paper. Specifically, Arista grade 2 RC, but any graded paper should work better than multi-grade paper. My gut feel is its the blue/UV in daylight that activates the high-contrast portion of the MG emulsion, yielding images difficult to print.

As for using fiber based for negatives, that's okay. Its better if its graded paper, but fiber is okay - in fact, graded fiber has a slightly better tonal range then graded RC. The only challenge you'll have is it tends to curl toward the emulsion side, so getting it into your contact printing frame, against the print paper, can be a challenge, especially if registration and positioning are important.

4) This week I've been experimenting with controlled pre-flashing of paper negatives, as a way to control contrast. I pre-flashed some paper under a grade 3 filtered light, underneath a sheet of white plexiglass, in the darkroom for 2 second, then exposed an outdoor image that otherwise would have zero shadow detail (we're talking paper white shadows, absolutely nothing) in the pinhole camera for about 1/2 of its normal daytime exposure (~30 seconds). The result: amazingly good shadow detail, with good highlight detail as well. The contrast range is really good for such a wide scene brightness range, onto paper negative.

One cavaet: when I pre-flashed the paper, I did so with the paper face down, under the sheet of plexiglass, because face-up pre-flashing was just too much light (it fogged it to black otherwise). The resulting shadow detail in the paper negative looked very "grainy" or "clumpy". I think this was caused by the grain of the paper that the pre-flash lighting has to filter through.

I'm going to do some more experiments with pre-flashing from the front of the negative, and see if the graininess in the shadows goes away.

I also have a hunch that you can achieve even more control of the paper's response curve by controlling at what contrast grade the pre-flashing light is filtered to. This, however, will involve lots of testing to verify and quantify.

SUMMARY: 1) Optimal pinhole size for your camera's focal length. 2)Flat film-plane camera. 3)Graded glossy paper (RC is okay). 4)Pre-flash the paper for additional control of contrast.

Joe VanCleave , Nov 09, 2004; 05:00 p.m.

Just a brief update. Preflashing the front of the paper, using a dimmer enlarger light (lens at f/32) for 2 seconds with grade 2 light, then normal in-camera pinhole exposure onto grade 2 RC paper for ~1/2 of "normal" daylight exposure yields: nice paper negative with good tonal range, albeit a bit soft. And no graininess or clumpiness in shadows.

Made contact print using Ilford MG RC for test, grade 4 contrast. Really good tonal range. Its hard to tell its not film.

Will post images when Santa delivers the scanner.

David F. Stein , Nov 10, 2004; 02:06 a.m.

Another good approach is lith film. (We used to work with Kodak Commerical in the good old days.) Cheap and can be processed by inspection under red/amber safelight just like paper development. Use DILUTE paper developer or, better yet, D-76 1:3 or even more dilute. HAVE FUN!!!

David F. Stein , Nov 10, 2004; 02:07 a.m.

PS. The first image of my Luminous Landscape article was done with Kodak Commercial film.

chuck mercier , Nov 10, 2004; 09:07 a.m.

WOW! You guys have been a great help! Im really looking foward to this project. Has anyone ever tried using color reversal film? im just curious as to how that would turn out.

Thanks again and keep the suggestions coming!

Robert Davis , Nov 10, 2004; 09:14 a.m.

Normal daylight is a lot cooler then enlarger light so I guess that explains the point about VC paper getting high contrasty. Stick a yellow filter on with VC?


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